Lzydaz.com

PHP Study Group

This page is designed as a study tool for the book
PHP for the World Wide Web by Larry Ullman (2nd Edition)

StUdY GuiDe

Reference links

Other links

* Notes *

Using single vs. double quotation marks dictates whether the variable's 'name' or "value" is printed.

Escaping \n inside quotation marks will tell the browser to print a new line in the source code.
Escaping \r creates a carriage return.
Escaping \t inserts a tab.

Acceptable PHP commenting syntax:
Single line - // or #
Multiple line - /* */

An Array's key is also called its index.

Look-up a function in the PHP manual as www.php.net/function_name
Example: www.php.net/htmlspecialchars

Chapter One thru Three

In a Nutshell

Chapter One Exercise

Double Quotes vs. Single Quotes

The following exercise is created by PHP using the back-slash to escape Double Quotes:
<?php print "<span class=\"indigo\">Hello World!</span>"; ?>
Hello World!

Single Quote method with no need to escape Double Quotes:
<?php print '<span class="indigo">Hello World!</span>'; ?>
Hello World!

Chapter Two Exercise

Variables

Strings can hold a combination of letters, numbers, symbols, and spaces..
Integers hold numbers.
Arrays can hold integers and/or strings.



<?php


$first_name = Bonnie; // no quotes


$last_name = "Lincicome"; // double quotes here


    /* variables do not have to be quoted if


    there is one (no spaces) */


$full_name = "$first_name $last_name"; /* together they


    must be double quoted */


print "First Name is: $first_name"; /* to avoid errors,


    strings must be in double quotes


    if they contain a variable */


print '<br />'; // single quotes here


print "Last Name is: $last_name";


print '<br />';


print "Full Name is: $full_name";


print $full_name; // no need to add quotes with nothing added


print '$full_name'; /* using single quotes will convert a


    "variable value" to a 'variable name' */


?>

First Name is: Bonnie
Last Name is: Lincicome
Full Name is: Bonnie Lincicome
Bonnie Lincicome
$full_name

Chapter Three Exercise

A simple form.

Registered Globals are turned off on this server.
By enabling them, all you will need to do is add a $ to your name value
(Example: $email) to print what was entered in that field.
Below is the method that worked for me to retrieve and print data to the handle_form.php:



<?php


ini_set ('display_errors', 1); //show my errors


    //This page receives the data from chapt. 1-3


    /* It will receive: title, name, email, response,


    comments, and submit. */



print "Thank you {$_POST['title']} {$_POST['name']}


for your comments. <br />";


print htmlspecialchars("You stated that


you found this example to be


{$_POST['response']} and added: {$_POST['comments']}");


    /* the htmlspecialchars() function prevents users from


entering malicious code. */


?>

XHTML | CSS

PHP Version: 5.2.8

Main Content


<div id="floatRight">

<div id="mainContentHeader">

<h2>Chapter One thru Three</h2>

<p>In a Nutshell</p>

</div><!-- close #mainContentHeader -->



<div id="mainContent">



<div id="left">



<div id="banner">

<img src="<?php ($_SERVER['DOCUMENT_ROOT']); ?>/studygroup/php/images/phpftwww.png" height="521" width="23" alt="" />

</div><!--close #banner-->

</div><!--close #left-->



<div id="right">



<h2 class="first">Chapter One Exercise</h2>

<p>Double Quotes vs. Single Quotes</p>



<p>The following exercise is created by PHP using the back-slash to escape Double Quotes:<br />

<code><?php highlight_string('<?php print "<span class=\"indigo\">Hello World!</span>"; ?>'); ?></code><br />

<?php print "<span class=\"indigo\">Hello World!</span>"; ?></p>

<p>Single Quote method with no need to escape Double Quotes:<br />

<code><?php highlight_string('<?php print \'<span class="indigo">Hello World!</span>\'; ?>'); ?></code><br />

<?php print '<span class="indigo">Hello World!</span>'; ?></p>



<h2>Chapter Two Exercise</h2>

<p>Variables</p>



<p>Strings can hold a combination of letters, numbers, symbols, and spaces..<br />

Integers hold numbers.<br />

Arrays can hold integers and/or strings.</p>



<code>

<?php

highlight_string ("<?php\n

\$first_name = Bonnie; // no quotes\n

\$last_name = \"Lincicome\"; // double quotes here\n

\t/* variables do not have to be quoted if\n

\tthere is one (no spaces) */\n

\$full_name = \"\$first_name \$last_name\"; /* together they\n

\tmust be double quoted */\n

print \"First Name is: \$first_name\"; /* to avoid errors,\n

\tstrings must be in double quotes\n

\tif they contain a variable */\n

print '<br />'; // single quotes here\n

print \"Last Name is: \$last_name\";\n

print '<br />';\n

print \"Full Name is: \$full_name\";\n

print \$full_name; // no need to add quotes with nothing added\n

print '\$full_name'; /* using single quotes will convert a\n

\t\"variable value\" to a 'variable name' */\n

?>") ?>

</code>



<p><?php

$first_name = Bonnie;

$last_name = "Lincicome";

$full_name = "$first_name $last_name";

print "First Name is: $first_name";

print '<br />';

print "Last Name is: $last_name";

print '<br />';

print "Full Name is: $full_name";

print '<br />';

print $full_name;

print '<br />';

print '$full_name';

?>

</p>



<h2>Chapter Three Exercise</h2>

<p>A simple form.</p>



<p>

Registered Globals are turned off on this server.<br />

By enabling them, all you will need to do is add a $ to your name value<br />

(Example: $email) to print what was entered in that field.<br />

Below is the method that worked for me to retrieve and print data to the handle_form.php:

</p>



<code>

<?php

highlight_string ("<?php\n

ini_set ('display_errors', 1); //show my errors\n

\t//This page receives the data from chapt. 1-3\n

\t/* It will receive: title, name, email, response,\n

\tcomments, and submit. */



print \"Thank you {\$_POST['title']} {\$_POST['name']}\n

for your comments. <br />\";\n

print htmlspecialchars(\"You stated that\n

you found this example to be\n

{\$_POST['response']} and added: {\$_POST['comments']}\");\n

\t/* the htmlspecialchars() function prevents users from\n

entering malicious code. */\n

?>")

?>

</code>



<form action="handle_form.php" method="post">

<fieldset>

  <table>  

    <tr>  

        <td>

            Mr. <input type="radio" name="title" value="Mr." />

            Mrs. <input type="radio" name="title" value="Mrs." />

            Ms. <input type="radio" name="title" value="Ms." />

        </td>

    </tr>

    <tr>

        <td>

            <label>Name:</label> <input class="tbl" type="text" name="name" />  

        </td>  

    </tr>  

    <tr>  

        <td>

            <label>Email Address:</label> <input class="tbl" type="text" name="email" />

        </td>

    </tr>

    <tr>

        <td>  

            <label>Response:</label><br />  

        </td>  

    </tr>  

    <tr>  

        <td>

            <select name="response">

                <option class="ex" value="excellent">This is excellent.</option>

                <option class="ok" value="okay">This is okay.</option>

                <option class="bor" value="boring">Okay, this is boring.</option>

            </select>

        </td>

    </tr>

    <tr>

        <td>  

            <label>Comments:</label><br />

            <textarea name="comments" rows="3" cols="50"></textarea>  

        </td>  

    </tr>    

    <tr>

        <td>

            <input name="reset" type="reset" value="Reset" class="reset" />

        </td>

    </tr>

    <tr>

        <td>

            <input name="submit" type="submit" value="SuBmIt" class="submit" />

        </td>

    </tr>

  </table> 

  </fieldset>

  </form>



</div><!--close right-->



</div><!-- close #mainContent -->

</div><!--close #floatRight-->

Source Code for Current Page


<?php $page="one-three"; ?>



<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN"

    "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">



<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en" lang="en">

<head>

<title>Chapt. 1-3 Exercise</title>

<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1" />

<link href="<?php ($_SERVER['DOCUMENT_ROOT']); ?>/studygroup/php/common/php.css" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" />

</head>



<body>

<div id="wrap">



<!-- Heading -->



<?php include($_SERVER['DOCUMENT_ROOT'] . '/studygroup/php/includes/h1.php'); ?>



<!-- Top Navigation Bar -->



<?php include($_SERVER['DOCUMENT_ROOT'] . '/studygroup/php/includes/bar-nav.php'); ?>



<!-- Related Links -->



<?php include($_SERVER['DOCUMENT_ROOT'] . '/studygroup/php/includes/h3.php'); ?>



<!-- Main Content -->



<?php include($_SERVER['DOCUMENT_ROOT'] . '/studygroup/php/includes/' . $page . '.php'); ?>



<!-- Bottom Navigation Bar -->



<?php include($_SERVER['DOCUMENT_ROOT'] . '/studygroup/php/includes/bar-nav2.php'); ?>



<!-- Foot -->



<?php include($_SERVER['DOCUMENT_ROOT'] . '/studygroup/php/includes/foot.php'); ?>

</div><!-- close #wrap -->



<!-- Show Source -->



<?php include($_SERVER['DOCUMENT_ROOT'] . '/studygroup/php/includes/source.php'); ?>

</body>



</html>

Head


<div id="head">

<p>Lzydaz.com</p>

<div id="heading">

<h1 id="top">PHP Study Group</h1>

<p>This page is designed as a study tool for the book<br />

<cite><a href="http://www.dmcinsights.com/phpvqs2">PHP for the World Wide Web by Larry Ullman (2nd Edition)</a></cite></p>

</div><!--close #heading-->

<img src="<?php ($_SERVER['DOCUMENT_ROOT']); ?>/studygroup/php/images/logo.png" height="67" width="100" alt="logo" />

</div><!-- close #head -->

<div id="head-edge">

<!--IE hates this-->

</div><!--close #head-edge-->

Navigation Bar


<div id="nav-top">

<?php $currentPage = basename ($_SERVER['PHP_SELF']); ?>

<ul>

<li>

<a href="<?php ($_SERVER['DOCUMENT_ROOT']); ?>/studygroup/php/index.php" title="PHP Study Group Index"

<?php

if($currentPage=="index.php"){

    print 'class="current"';

}

?>

    >Chapter Index</a><!--close anchor tag-->

    </li>

<li>

<a href="<?php ($_SERVER['DOCUMENT_ROOT']); ?>/studygroup/php/chapt1-3.php" title="Chapters One - Three"

<?php

if($currentPage=="chapt1-3.php"){

    print 'class="current"';

}

?>

    >One - Three</a><!--close anchor tag-->

    </li>

    <li>

<a href="<?php ($_SERVER['DOCUMENT_ROOT']); ?>/studygroup/php/chapt4-6.php" title="Chapters Four - Six"

<?php

if($currentPage=="chapt4-6.php"){

    print 'class="current"';

}

?>

    >Four - Six</a><!--close anchor tag-->

    </li>

    <li>

<a href="<?php ($_SERVER['DOCUMENT_ROOT']); ?>/studygroup/php/chapt7-9.php" title="Chapters Seven - Nine"

<?php

if($currentPage=="chapt7-9.php"){

    print 'class="current"';

}

?>

    >Seven - Nine</a><!--close anchor tag-->

    </li>

    <li>

<a href="<?php ($_SERVER['DOCUMENT_ROOT']); ?>/studygroup/php/chapt10-13.php" title="Chapters Ten - Thirteen"

<?php

if($currentPage=="chapt10-13.php"){

    print 'class="current"';

}

?>

    >Ten - Thirteen</a><!--close anchor tag-->

    </li>

    </ul>

    </div> <!-- close #nav-top -->